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All You Need To Know About Child Mental Health

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Mental illness in children is a real and significant concern, affecting millions of young individuals worldwide. Common mental health disorders in children include anxiety disorders, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorders.  Early intervention and diagnosis are crucial for managing mental health conditions in children and adolescents effectively. Factors such as genetics, grief and loss, parent divorce, neglect and isolation, bullying, abuse, exploitation, unhealthy competition/comparison with siblings, trauma, and family history can contribute to the development of mental health problems in children.

Untreated mental illness in children can lead to academic difficulties, behavioural problems, and impaired social functioning.  Sometimes, children with mental health issues may be seen as delinquent, naughty, lazy, or disrespectful. It is important to recognize that children with mental health issues are not to blame for their conditions, and a supportive, non-stigmatizing environment is crucial for their well-being.

Access to mental health services and professionals specializing in child and adolescent mental health is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and support. Effective treatment options for children with mental health disorders often include psychotherapy, medication, and family support. Schools and parents or caregivers play a vital role in identifying signs of mental illness in children and seeking appropriate help. The stigma associated with mental health can create barriers to seeking help for children and their families, emphasizing the importance of mental health awareness and education.

Signs of mental health issues in children

Mental health issues in children can manifest in various ways, and it’s important for parents, caregivers, and teachers to be aware of the signs. It’s essential to note that every child is different, and the presence of one or more of these signs doesn’t necessarily mean a child is experiencing a mental health disorder. However, if these signs persist or interfere with a child’s daily life, it’s important to seek professional help from a mental health professional. Here are some common signs of mental health issues in children:

  • Changes in Behaviour: Sudden or gradual changes in behaviour, such as withdrawal from social activities, changes in eating or sleeping patterns, or a decline in academic performance.
  • Mood Swings: Excessive mood swings, prolonged sadness, irritability, or extreme fearfulness that interfere with daily activities.
  • Changes in Academic Performance: A sudden decline in school performance, loss of interest in school activities, or frequent complaints about not wanting to go to school.
  • Social Withdrawal: Loss of interest in friends and activities they used to enjoy. Avoiding social interactions and spending excessive time alone.
  • Changes in Sleep Patterns: Insomnia, nightmares, or other sleep disturbances that occur frequently and affect daily functioning.
  • Changes in Appetite: Significant changes in eating habits, either loss of appetite or overeating, leading to noticeable changes in weight.
  • Physical Symptoms: Complaints of frequent headaches or stomachaches without any apparent medical cause.
  • Excessive Fears or Worries: Intense fears or phobias that interfere with daily activities. Excessive worrying about things that seem out of proportion to the situation.
  • Regression: Reverting to younger behaviours, such as bedwetting, excessive clinginess, or thumb sucking.
  • Difficulty Concentrating: Inability to concentrate or make decisions, leading to a decline in school performance.
  • Expressing Hopelessness: Expressing feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, or guilt. Talking about death or suicide, even in a vague or indirect manner.
  • Aggressive Behaviour: Persistent aggressive behaviour, including frequent temper tantrums, physical violence, or threats of violence.
  • Substance Abuse: Using drugs, alcohol, or other substances at a young age.
  • Self-Harm: Engaging in self-harming behaviours, such as cutting or burning, or expressing a desire to hurt oneself.

It’s important for parents and caregivers to be able to distinguish between mental health illness in children and having a bad day. If you notice these signs in a child and are concerned about their mental health, it’s crucial to seek help from a mental health professional, such as a child psychologist, or psychiatrist. Early intervention and support can make a significant difference in a child’s overall well-being.

Help is there!

HIVSA’s Choma online magazine has a Mental Well-being campaign called WeCare, a space where young people can safely share their stories in an effort to build mental well-being awareness.

Below are 24-hour toll-free helplines:

  • Department of Social Development Substance Abuse helpline-0800 12 13 14. SMS 32312
  • ADHD Helpline- 0800 55 44 33
  • SADAG suicide crisis helpline- 0800 567 567
  • NPOwer SA helpline- 0800 515 515, SMS 43010
  • Cipla Mental health helpline-0800 456 789, SMS 32312
  • Adcock Ingram Depression & Anxiety helpline-0800 70 80 90
  • Dr Reddy’s Mental Health helpline-0800 21 22 23
  • Pharma Dynamics Police & Trauma helpline- 0800 20 50 26

The writer of this article, Mrs Similo Tshabalala, is a trainer at HIVSA, as well as a qualified Social Worker.

Remember if you or a friend need advice or help, you can contact me here on Ask Choma, send me a Facebook Messagea Twitter DM, or a WhatsApp Message (071 172 3657).

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